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Compare Mauritius (2007) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2001)

Compare Mauritius (2007) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2001)

 Mauritius (2007)Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2001)
 MauritiusSaint Pierre and Miquelon
Administrative divisions 9 districts and 3 dependencies*; Agalega Islands*, Black River, Cargados Carajos Shoals*, Flacq, Grand Port, Moka, Pamplemousses, Plaines Wilhems, Port Louis, Riviere du Rempart, Rodrigues*, Savanne none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions approved by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon
Age structure 0-14 years: 23.5% (male 147,808/female 146,270)


15-64 years: 69.8% (male 436,043/female 437,441)


65 years and over: 6.7% (male 32,475/female 50,845) (2007 est.)
0-14 years:
25.85% (male 917; female 874)

15-64 years:
64.22% (male 2,273; female 2,176)

65 years and over:
9.93% (male 291; female 397) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products sugarcane, tea, corn, potatoes, bananas, pulses; cattle, goats; fish vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish
Airports 5 (2007) 2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


over 3,047 m: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
total:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 2


under 914 m: 1 (2007)
-
Area total: 2,040 sq km


land: 2,030 sq km


water: 10 sq km


note: includes Agalega Islands, Cargados Carajos Shoals (Saint Brandon), and Rodrigues
total:
242 sq km

land:
242 sq km

water:
0 sq km

note:
includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Area - comparative almost 11 times the size of Washington, DC 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Although known to Arab and Malay sailors as early as the 10th century, Mauritius was first explored by the Portuguese in 1505; it was subsequently held by the Dutch, French, and British before independence was attained in 1968. A stable democracy with regular free elections and a positive human rights record, the country has attracted considerable foreign investment and has earned one of Africa's highest per capita incomes. Recent poor weather and declining sugar prices have slowed economic growth, leading to some protests over standards of living in the Creole community. First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.
Birth rate 15.26 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) 15.88 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $1.236 billion


expenditures: $1.562 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2006 est.)
revenues:
$70 million

expenditures:
$60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)
Capital name: Port Louis


geographic coordinates: 20 09 S, 57 29 E


time difference: UTC+4 (9 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Saint-Pierre
Climate tropical, modified by southeast trade winds; warm, dry winter (May to November); hot, wet, humid summer (November to May) cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline 177 km 120 km
Constitution 12 March 1968; amended 12 March 1992 28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Mauritius


conventional short form: Mauritius


local long form: Republic of Mauritius


local short form: Mauritius
conventional long form:
Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon

conventional short form:
Saint Pierre and Miquelon

local long form:
Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon

local short form:
Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Currency - French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)
Death rate 6.88 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) 6.64 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $2.419 billion (2006 est.) $NA
Dependency status - self-governing territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador John PRICE


embassy: 4th Floor, Rogers House, John Kennedy Street, Port Louis


mailing address: international mail: P. O. Box 544, Port Louis; US mail: American Embassy, Port Louis, US Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-2450


telephone: [230] 202-4400


FAX: [230] 208-9534
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Usha JEETAH


chancery: 4301 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 441, Washington, DC 20008


telephone: [1] (202) 244-1491, 1492


FAX: [1] (202) 966-0983
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international Mauritius claims the Chagos Archipelago (UK-administered British Indian Ocean Territory), and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius; claims French-administered Tromelin Island none
Economic aid - recipient $31.93 million (2005) approximately $65 million in annual grants from France
Economy - overview Since independence in 1968, Mauritius has developed from a low-income, agriculturally based economy to a middle-income diversified economy with growing industrial, financial, and tourist sectors. For most of the period, annual growth has been in the order of 5% to 6%. This remarkable achievement has been reflected in more equitable income distribution, increased life expectancy, lowered infant mortality, and a much-improved infrastructure. Sugarcane is grown on about 90% of the cultivated land area and accounts for 25% of export earnings. The government's development strategy centers on expanding local financial institutions and building a domestic information telecommunications industry. Mauritius has attracted more than 9,000 offshore entities, many aimed at commerce in India and South Africa, and investment in the banking sector alone has reached over $1 billion. Mauritius, with its strong textile sector, has been well poised to take advantage of the Africa Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA). The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects.
Electricity - consumption 1.973 billion kWh (2005) 37.2 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2005) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2005) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 2.122 billion kWh (2005) 40 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mont Piton 828 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Environment - current issues water pollution, degradation of coral reefs NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
-
Ethnic groups Indo-Mauritian 68%, Creole 27%, Sino-Mauritian 3%, Franco-Mauritian 2% Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Exchange rates Mauritian rupees per US dollar - 31.656 (2006), 29.496 (2005), 27.499 (2004), 27.902 (2003), 29.962 (2002) euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Sir Anerood JUGNAUTH (since 7 October 2003); Vice President Abdool Raouf BUNDHUN (since 25 February 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM (since 5 July 2005)


cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister


elections: president and vice president elected by the National Assembly for five-year terms (eligible for a second term); election last held 25 February 2002 (next to be held in 2007); prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president, responsible to the National Assembly


election results: Karl OFFMANN elected president and Raouf BUNDHUN elected vice president; percent of vote by the National Assembly - NA%; note - Karl OFFMANN stepped down on 30 September 2003
chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Remi THUAU (since NA)

head of government:
President of the General Council Bernard LE SOAVEC (since NA 1996)

cabinet:
NA

elections:
French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; election last held 7 May 1995 (next to be held NA May 2002); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
Exports NA bbl/day $12 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities clothing and textiles, sugar, cut flowers, molasses fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts
Exports - partners UK 32.5%, France 15.1%, UAE 11.4%, US 8.3%, Madagascar 4.8% (2006) US 43%, Egypt 14%, Japan 11%, Colombia 8% (1999)
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description four equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, yellow, and green a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the square into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one on top of the other; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP - purchasing power parity - $74 million (1996 est.); supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 5.2%


industry: 25.2%


services: 69.6% (2006 est.)
agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5% (2006 est.) NA%
Geographic coordinates 20 17 S, 57 33 E 46 50 N, 56 20 W
Geography - note the main island, from which the country derives its name, is of volcanic origin and is almost entirely surrounded by coral reefs vegetation scanty
Highways - total:
114 km

paved:
69 km

unpaved:
45 km (1994 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Illicit drugs consumer and transshipment point for heroin from South Asia; small amounts of cannabis produced and consumed locally; significant offshore financial industry creates potential for money laundering, but corruption levels are relatively low and the government appears generally to be committed to regulating its banking industry -
Imports NA bbl/day $55 million (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities manufactured goods, capital equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
Imports - partners France 14.3%, India 13.6%, China 8.6%, South Africa 7.3% (2006) France 44%, Canada 40% (1999)
Independence 12 March 1968 (from UK) none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Industrial production growth rate 8% (2000 est.) NA%
Industries food processing (largely sugar milling), textiles, clothing, mining, chemicals, metal products, transport equipment, nonelectrical machinery, tourism fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Infant mortality rate total: 14.14 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 16.72 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 11.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
8.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 8.9% (2006 est.) 2.1% (1991-96 average)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, C, COMESA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, InOC, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIF, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO FZ, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 220 sq km (2003) NA sq km
Judicial branch Supreme Court Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force 541,000 (2006 est.) 3,000 (1997)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture and fishing 14%, construction and industry 36%, transportation and communication 7%, trade, restaurants, hotels 16%, finance 3%, other services 24% (1995) fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 49.02%


permanent crops: 2.94%


other: 48.04% (2005)
arable land:
13%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
4%

other:
83% (1993 est.)
Languages Creole 80.5%, Bhojpuri 12.1%, French 3.4%, English (official; spoken by less than 1% of the population), other 3.7%, unspecified 0.3% (2000 census) French
Legal system based on French civil law system with elements of English common law in certain areas; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation
Legislative branch unicameral National Assembly (70 seats; 62 members elected by popular vote, 8 appointed by the election commission to give representation to various ethnic minorities; to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held on 3 July 2005 (next to be held in 2010)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - AS 38, MSM/MMM 22, OPR 2; appointed seats - AS 4, MSM/MMM 2, OPR 2
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)

elections:
elections last held NA April 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA

note:
Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held 25 May-1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UDF 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 72.88 years


male: 68.92 years


female: 76.9 years (2007 est.)
total population:
77.77 years

male:
75.51 years

female:
80.13 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 84.4%


male: 88.4%


female: 80.5% (2000 census)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
99%

male:
99%

female:
99% (1982 est.)
Location Southern Africa, island in the Indian Ocean, east of Madagascar Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references Political Map of the World North America
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total: 5 ships (1000 GRT or over) 19,417 GRT/19,700 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 2, passenger/cargo 2, refrigerated cargo 1


foreign-owned: 2 (India 2) (2007)
none (2000 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches no regular military forces; National Police Force, Special Mobile Force, National Coast Guard (2007) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.3% (2006 est.) -
National holiday Independence Day, 12 March (1968) Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality noun: Mauritian(s)


adjective: Mauritian
noun:
Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women)

adjective:
French
Natural hazards cyclones (November to April); almost completely surrounded by reefs that may pose maritime hazards persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources arable land, fish fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate -0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) -4.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders Alliance Sociale or AS; Hizbullah [Cehl Mohamed FAKEEMEEAH]; Mauritian Labor Party or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]; Mauritian Militant Movement or MMM [Paul BERENGER] (in coalition with MSM); Mauritian Social Democrat Party or PMSD [Charles Xavier-Luc DUVAL]; Militant Socialist Movement or MSM (the governing party) [Pravind JUGNAUTH]; Rodrigues Movement or MR [Joseph (Nicholas) Von MALLY]; Rodrigues Peoples Organization or OPR [Serge CLAIR] Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders various labor unions NA
Population 1,250,882 (July 2007 est.) 6,928 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 10% (2001 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 0.798% (2007 est.) 0.43% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Saint Pierre
Radio broadcast stations AM 4, FM 9, shortwave 0 (2001) AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 4,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions Hindu 48%, Roman Catholic 23.6%, Muslim 16.6%, other Christian 8.6%, other 2.5%, unspecified 0.3%, none 0.4% (2000 census) Roman Catholic 99%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.011 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.997 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.639 male(s)/female


total population: 0.971 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
at birth:
1.06 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.73 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: small system with good service


domestic: primarily microwave radio relay trunk system


international: country code - 230; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean); new microwave link to Reunion; HF radiotelephone links to several countries; fiber optic submarine cable (SAT-3/WASC/SAFE) provides connectivity to Europe and Asia
general assessment:
adequate

domestic:
NA

international:
radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
Telephones - main lines in use 357,300 (2006) 4,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 772,400 (2006) 0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations 2 (plus several repeaters) (1997) 0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)
Terrain small coastal plain rising to discontinuous mountains encircling central plateau mostly barren rock
Total fertility rate 1.94 children born/woman (2007 est.) 2.12 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 9.4% (2006 est.) 9.8% (1997)
Waterways - none
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